Lupo, Alan. Liberty’s Chosen Home: The Politics of Violence in Boston.

Boston: Beacon Press, 1977. In it, Lupo writes, “Boston was not a cosmopolitan city. Its late Yankee literary giants were exceptions to a narrow-minded, parochial, self-serving merchant society. And now, the ethnics were in charge of the same parochial town – each claiming pride in a neighborhood or in a section of a neighborhood.” He continues, “In power, they were, but with less power than their predecessors and therefore, even more protective of what little they had. The tightly knit, parochial neighborhoods were at once the boast and the bane of Boston. They gave the city a quality that most other cities had lost, yet to keep that quality, they forced their sons and daughters inward, to keep to their own kind.”